I watch in wonder as freshly ground sesame trickles down the 100 year-old stone grinders, the air thick with its aroma - tasting it, the intense flavour and richness of the seed is like no tahini I have tried before. For I am at Machne Yehuda Market in Jerusalem, Israel, at the start of a culinary tour that will take me from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem and Galilee.
Halva made from tahini and flavoured in many ways at Machne Yehuda Market in Jerusalem
Tahini (or Tahina as the locals call it) is indeed at the heart of the Israeli kitchen, and as I was to discover, the cuisine has much more to offer including great local produce and some of the finest vegetable dishes anywhere in the world, but I’m getting ahead of myself - more of that later.
Hummus like no other!
I was invited with a group of international food writers to the country by Vibe Israel, a registered charity and philanthropic organization founded by Joanna Landau, a British-Israeli woman, with the aim of showing the many facets of Israel to the world in a completely non-political context.
My companions on this Israeli trip, from left to right - Aida (USA), Nu & Tata (Thailand), Sam (South Africa) and Manu (Spain)
A country the size of Wales, since its formation in 1948, Israel has gone from being a near desert nation to complete self-sufficiency in terms of food, water and energy. With a population that has grown from 800k to 8.5m today it has more start-ups per capita than any other country in the world, for its most important resource is its people.
The Holy City of Jerusalem
Chutzpah is a Yiddish word deriving from the Hebrew hutspâ, meaning insolence, cheek or nerve - this audacity is the characteristic which, for many, defines the Israeli people. In this troubled part of the Middle East, the whole nation has required a great deal of chutzpah simply to survive, let alone to prosper and become the cosmopolitan, vibrant and technologically advanced country it is today.
View of Tel Aviv's ocean front from the old town of Jaffa
Having lived near orthodox Jewish areas of north London for most of my life, I had a number of misconceptions about Israel before this trip. The Israelis I met on this trip were warm, and forthright, with a no-frills attitude I really came to appreciate.
L'haim! (cheers)
I was surprised to see how forward-thinking, tolerant and mostly secular the Israeli people are. In addition, they are very cosmopolitan, reflecting the inward migration of Jews from all over the world during the last 6 decades, as well the influence of the Muslim and Christian Arabs and the Druze, all of whom have lived there for centuries.
Friday afternoon in Tel Aviv - kicking off Shabbat Tel Avivian style
But what about the food of Israel, I hear you ask? Happily for me, the cuisine is a heady blend of Middle Eastern, European and Mediterranean, making for some of the most vibrant cooking on the planet.
Cherry tomatoes were created in Israel
In spite of many, seemingly irreconcilable political differences, food is the one thing that, to me at least, seemed to unite its people. Israelis from many different walks of life and ethnicities are proud of their food, and so they should be.
Shalom! (Hello/Goodbye and also Peace in Hebrew)
One thing that struck me was their use of vegetables. In Israel, vegetables are centre-stage in any meal - they are not mere accompaniments as in the West. As a carnivore to my core, it takes terrific cooking for me to rave about a platter of greens, but I was full of wonder at what I saw.
Take for example Israeli celebrity chef Eyal Shani’s burnt cauliflower. This humble vegetable has made his name, and has been heralded as one of the most innovative dishes far and wide, including by the New York Times. I was lucky enough to try his dish twice on this trip, to meet the chef, and to persuade him to give me the recipe, which I will be sharing in a later post.
Another visit that illustrated the focus on vegetables was to “Farma Cultura”, in Bnei Zion, near Tel Aviv. Husband and wife Gil and Nadav, left Tel Aviv and purchased their abandoned plot of land three years ago.
They turned it into their organic farm, where they grow organic vegetables and supply many of the local families and restaurants. It is also the venue for cookery demonstrations, and pop-up events, as well as a place for kids to learn how to plant and cook.
We had a great meal here, the vegetables were bursting with flavour and accompanied by a number of delectable dressings including creamy tahini, garlic-flavoured goat’s yoghurt and hummus. It was also at Farma Cultura that we met Daphna Nissenbaum CEO & Co-Founder of Tipa Sustainable Packaging, who created the world’s first compostable plastic shopping bag and is one of the most promising of Israeli start-ups.
In Western Galilee, in the town of Ma’a lot-Tarshiha, we had a magnificent Arabic-Galilee lunch at Aluma Bistrot. Of all the great dishes we had, the one I will remember for a long time to come was another vegetarian offering - their kohlrabi carpaccio - made from paper thin slices of kohlrabi, spiked with lemon, salt and truffle oil, with a scattering of pistachio, black cumin, and shavings of Parmesan cheese. What a fantastic and clever combination of flavours.
Lunch was followed by an afternoon of foraging in the nearby woods with Dr Uri Meir Chissik, a local food historian and forager.
Here was my first encounter with rubesa, a ubiquitous green leafy plant in Israel, and used in many different ways in cooking - luckily I was to try rubesa in more than one meal to come. It was surprising to see how fertile the land was, and we saw many other edible plants including mustard, wheat, chrysanthemum and even quinoa.
Rubesa - before
Rubesa - after
Most of the trip was based around Tel Aviv, but we also visited Jerusalem and Western Galilee, and in my own spare time I went to Haifa and Nazareth in the north of the country. I will be writing about these in more detail in separate posts, as well as giving my own recommendations on where to eat in Tel Aviv and a couple of outstanding Israeli recipes I came across.
Fruit stall at Sarona Market, Tel Aviv
With BA flights directly from London to Tel Aviv only 4 hours away, it has never been easier to visit Israel. The city is an ideal destination for a long foodie weekend away, or if you have a little more time, a fantastic base from which to explore a whole country and its cuisine. Travel Essentials Vibe Israel http://vibeisrael.com/about-us/ Machne Yehuda Market, Jerusalem http://www.machne.co.il/en/ Eyal Shani's North Abraxas (no website) North Abraxas 40 Lilienblum Street. +972 3 516 66 60 Farma Cultura https://www.facebook.com/farmacultura/ Aluma Bistrot http://www.alumabistro.co.il/Aluma+Bistro.html
I always wondered what all the fuss is about where truffles are concerned. A luxury food item only a few can afford, does the particular flavour and aroma this fungus brings to a dish justify its exorbitant price tag? Or is it all about the bling?
An invitation from Celebrity Cruises fuelled my curiosity – I was to accompany their executive chef John Suley to Alba, the Italian capital of white truffles. There I would learn about this magical fungus, cook with it, eat copious amounts of it, and even bid for it, but more of that later. So this is what happened.
1 kg white truffle piece auctioned at the World Truffle Auction in Alba
The town of Alba is in the northwestern Commune of Piedmont (or Piemonte in Italian), one of the 20 regions of Italy. As the name suggests, Piedmont (at the foot of the mountain) is a hilly, mountainous region that is completely landlocked. Perhaps because of this, Piedmont is not one of the most well known regions with most foreign travellers preferring to stay put in Liguria’s neighbouring stunning Riviera.
But this all changes when Alba’s white truffle season is on. Between the end of September and January each year, gourmet travellers from around the world flock to Piedmont in search of the seasonal fungus, with the International Alba White Truffle Market and the Annual Auction in November as the highlight events of the season. The white truffles of Alba are available everywhere, from the simplest trattorie (family-run cafes) to the most sophisticated Michelin-starred restaurants, for breakfast, lunch and dinner.
The International Alba White Truffle Market takes place over 6 consecutive weekends (Saturday and Sundays only) between October and November each year. In its 84th year, this is a great place to learn about and savour the local delicacy, meet and talk to the hunters and buy their finds directly from them at a better price than you would find in the local shops.
Meeting and talking to truffle hunters at Alba International White Truffle Fair
Prices vary according to the quality grade and size of the truffle - this could be anything from €150 to €250 for 100g. Having said that, I did buy two 50g pieces for €100 after haggling for a discount, so do ask!
There was a large number of stalls selling other regional products as well as truffle-based ingredients including pasta, salt, oils and biscuits, truffle-infused honey, fresh salami and cheeses with truffles.
This part of Piedmont (Langhe and Roero) is famous for its hazelnuts (one of Nutella’s key ingredients) used in the local nougat known as ‘torrone’, and also for cheeses particularly the Toma and Sabauda, all of which were on sale at the fair.
All truffles being sold at the fair were inspected by a team of judges, so whatever you buy is guaranteed to be at the peak of freshness. An added service provided by the fair organisers is the possibility of having your purchases examined by a judge.
I took my two pieces of white truffle to an Italian judge who assessed them for me, and pointed out that although they were both of great quality, they were very different in aroma and flavour – one being much more garlicky and heavily scented than the other. She pointed out was that both were quite firm which is an indication of freshness or ripeness, and explained that softer or crumblier truffles are usually past their best.
Chef John Suley of Celebrity Cruises shaving truffles for our lunch at the Alba International White Truffle Fair
As with most regional cuisines in Italy, the Piemontese have strong opinions on how their ingredients should be prepared, and rightly so as they have been using them for centuries. In Piedmont, truffles are never cooked (unlike in France). Truffles can be washed but not peeled; they are finely shaved but never grated over cooked food. The lifespan of a truffle is rather short – 7 to 10 days maximum, and it should be stored wrapped in kitchen paper in an airtight jar, with the paper being changed every other day.
In Piedmont, there is a handful of ingredients that are commonly used to partner with truffles - these include eggs, cheese, pasta and raw meat. Most restaurants will serve their own interpretation of dishes using these very same ingredients, with only a few daring to do anything remotely different.
Simplicity is best when it comes to partnering truffles with other ingredients
I enjoyed ‘Fonduta’, the rich Piemontese fondue made from Fontina cheese, egg yolks, milk and butter with shavings of truffles served on top. Fried eggs and plain buttered pasta are also excellent in combination with truffles. We had a few of these dishes at the white truffle fair itself.
Fonduta - the creamy Piemontese fondue with shavings of white truffle
Celebrity Cruises’ executive chef John Suley cooked one of the best truffle dishes I ate on this trip at a truffle cooking demonstration at the University of Gastronomic Sciences in Pollenzo, a great learning institution, but more of that later.
This was a magnificently creamy risotto with roasted quail, mushrooms and plenty of white truffle shavings, and was quite different to anything we had tried so far in the various restaurants of Piedmont. I enjoyed this immensely and it was one of the dishes I recreated using the truffles I had bought at the international Alba white truffle fair when I got home.
The truffle cooking demonstration by John Suley was followed by a fantastic lunch cooked by the man himself. Of note was his silken cauliflower cream soup with crispy pancetta, mascarpone cheese and croutons, whose recipe I replicate below. The soup was delicious and I thoroughly recommend cooking this at home with some excellent quality Italian truffle oil in lieu of the fresh white truffle shavings.
Fantastic cauliflower soup by John Suley of Celebrity Cruises (recipe at the end of post)
This was followed by a refreshing salad of warm artichoke hearts, fennel, tomatoes and greens with a gorgeous burrata cheese topped with white truffle shavings.
Another noteworthy dish was John’s braised veal cheeks on a bed of soft polenta, served with mushrooms, rapini (turnip greens), Parmesan cheese and white truffle shavings. The meat was wonderfully tender and richly flavoured partnering well with the polenta but sadly overpowering the subtle aroma and flavour of the white truffle.
For dessert we had a light olive oil cake served with ricotta, lemoncello sorbet and caramelized Piemontese hazelnuts, which ended our meal on a high note.
If you haven’t been on a truffle hunt, this is a must-do activity when visiting the region during the white truffle season. Headed by a Trifolau (truffle hunter in Piemontese dialect) and his highly trained dog, this can be incredibly exciting, especially when truffles are located. On our expedition, we (or rather the dog) found two white truffle pieces - a 10g piece and another - a whopper 150g nugget!
The Castle sits in one of the most spectacular settings in Langhe, with breathtaking views of the city of Alba. It houses the “Cavour Regional Enoteca” (a wine emporium) where the best Piemontese wines and grappa can be purchased and the one Michelin starred restaurant “Ristorante al Castello” by chef Alessandro Boglioni.
Ristorante al Castello by Chef Alessandro Boglioni - we had one of the best truffle meals there
Only a very limited number of tickets are available for the annual World Truffle Auction and these are carefully allocated to potential buyers, politicians, artists and local businessmen. As a potential buyer Celebrity Cruises was sold a handful of these coveted tickets, which allowed us access to the auction, followed by a wonderful lunch at Ristorante al Castello.
One of two lots won by Celebrity Cruises in the World Truffle Auction
John Suley bid and won 2 of the 6 lots in the auction for Celebrity Cruises. Each lot included a large truffle of about 500g, plus magnum bottles of vintage Barolo and Barbaresco wines.
The lots were snapped up for €5,000 and €10,000 respectively which appeared absurd amounts of money to pay until the big daddy, the final lot of a 1kg truffle, was purchased for €100,000 by a buyer in Hong Kong, bidding via satellite!
The big daddy 1kg truffle piece being brought in by Miss Smile!
Interestingly, a similar sized white truffle of Alba was auctioned at Sothebys in New York a month later fetching only around half of that amount, about €50,000. Piedmont: Beyond The Truffle There is more though to Piedmont than its white truffles, for it is also home to one of the most iconic wines of Italy or indeed the world – Barolo. But the region’s claim to international fame does not stop here – Piedmont is also where the chocolate company Ferrero SpA – the makers of Nutella and Ferrero Rocher is based.
Surprisingly, the company is still privately owned and run by the Ferrero family. The company’s current CEO Giovanni Ferrero is Italy’s richest man, or so I am told by Nicoletta, our all-rounder Italian interpreter, organizer, time-keeper, money-lender and friend. Nicoletta’s enthusiasm and knowledge for her home region and its produce made this trip to Piedmont very special.
Hotel Castello di Santa Vittoria occupies the grounds of the eponymous castle dating back to the 14th century in the minute village of Santa Vittoria d’Alba. It is a beautiful hotel offering breathtaking views of the surrounding valleys and vineyards.
View from my room at Hotel Santa Vittoria d'Alba
This was home for the duration of our trip and was a good base to explore the nearby towns of Alba (6 miles) and Bra (5 miles). The hotel has a fantastic selection of regional wines for sale and friendly staff who could not have done more to make our stay as comfortable as possible. If you plan to visit the region, Hotel Castello di Santa Vittoria is worth checking out (http://www.santavittoria.org/).
A few minutes walk from the hotel was Osteria della Pace, where I headed for my first taste of Piemontese cuisine in this trip. This is a simple, family-run restaurant offering home-style cooking at surprisingly reasonable prices.
I thoroughly enjoyed my lunch at Osteria della Pace, particularly their risotto with Dolcetto red wine and Toma cheese (€7) – this is a traditional Piemontese dish, more commonly made with Barolo wine. Toma cheese is another great ingredient of the region; it is a PDO, full flavoured and creamy cheese made from unpasteurized cow’s milk. If you think the combination of red wine and cheese as a base to flavour risotto is an odd one, you ought to try this dish. It was a revelation! (Osteria della Pace, Via Bertero 10, Santa Vittoria d'Alba, Italy).
Next stop was a visit to the winery Fontana Fredda, one of the region’s state-of-the-art wineries, with over 150 years of history. We were given a grand tour of the cellars, wine shop and what seemed like every nook and cranny of the place until we finally sat down for a tasting.
Vineyard Fontana Fredda
Even though Turin is the capital of Piedmont, Alba is the heart of the region when it comes to wine making. A huge generalization, but one that I always remember, is the order in which Piemontese red wines are placed in terms of importance, elegance and price – ascending from Barbera to Dolcetto, then Barbaresco and finally Barolo. Dolcetto and Barbera are both grapes making wines bearing the same name, whilst Barbaresco and Barolo are made from the Nebbiolo grape. Another important Piemontese grape is Cortese, from which Gavi white wine is made. Moscato (muscat) is also used for sparkling Asti Espumante in the region.
Ageing wines in huge oak barrels at Fontana Fredda
Tasting at Fontana Fredda, those spittoons mean business!
Back at Fontana Fredda’s tasting room, I enjoyed their 2010 Barolo Serralunga D’Alba (£30/bottle), a magnificent Barolo aged for 3 years with an intense red colour, notes of red cherry and pronounced but fine tannins. According to DOCG regulations Barolo must be made from 100% Nebbiollo grapes and be aged for at least 2 years in barrel and 1 year in bottle or tank, so a minimum of 3 years of aging (http://www.fontanafredda.it/web/en/home/).
Founded by the Slow Food Movement (http://www.slowfood.org.uk/) this is a stunning international university offering both undergraduate (3-year Gastronomic Science degree) and postgraduate courses. These are taught in English, and include a Masters in Italian Food and Wine Culture, as well as food entrepreneurship and tourism related courses.
Adjacent to the university is La Banca del Vino (The Wine Bank) founded in 1835 originally as the headquarters for viticulture experiments for the royal estates of Savoy. Today, this beautifully restored building is a co-operative and museum where special Italian wines are selected and stored, and tastings and workshops are offered.
English speaking guided tours and tastings are available to the general public from €6 to €18. For more information, visit their website on www.bancadelvino.it.
So to return to the question I first posed, there clearly is an element of bling associated with the consumption of truffles, and whether its price tag is justified or not depends on a personal perspective. Truffles have a unique flavour and aroma, and personally I love them. Having been on this trip, I am even more interested in learning about, cooking and eating more truffles. A visit to Piedmont during the white truffle season is a fantastic opportunity to experience the region and its food and wine, and to snap up some truffles at the International White Truffle Fair, at well below the UK rate.
While I cannot vouch for the level of culinary accomplishment on Celebrity Cruise ships (as I have yet to go on one), I found the initiative of bringing the magical funghi of Alba to the ships’ menu commendable. Judging by the excellent food I ate, cooked by Celebrity Cruises’ executive chef John Suley, passengers on Celebrity Cruises will be in for a treat, if the truffles are to be served up there. For more information about Celebrity Cruises visit their website at http://www.celebritycruises.co.uk/. Creamy Cauliflower Soup, Pancetta, Mascarpone Cheese, Croutons By John Suley of Celebrity Cruises Ingredients: 3kg cauliflower florets 400g sweet onions, diced 200g shallots, diced 100g garlic, chopped 3ltr chicken stock 1ltr double cream 400g unsalted butter 400g mascarpone cheese 10g thyme, chopped 10g parsley, chopped For the croutons: 100g pancetta ham, diced 1 ciabatta loaf, cut in cubes 200g butter 10g parsley 3 tbsp extra virgin olive oil 100g fresh white truffle (optional) White truffle oil Method: Heat butter in a large pot over medium-high heat. Add the diced onions and shallots and reduce heat to medium. Cook and stirring occasionally, until the onions are very soft and then add the garlic. Cook for around 3 to 5 minutes and stir until the liquid has almost completely evaporated. Stir in the cauliflower and chicken stock and bring to a boil. Reduce heat to a simmer, cover, and cook for around 20 to 25 minutes until cauliflower is very soft. Slowly blend the ingredients in a blender for at least 3 minutes until very smooth. Depending on the size of your blender, you may need to do this in a few batches. Then season to taste with salt and white pepper before finishing with freshly chopped thyme and parsley. Add mascarpone at the end to get the best results. Serve with some homemade croutons: Cook the diced pancetta in a frying pan until crispy. Then take the cubes of ciabatta and rub them in a mixture of olive oil and parsley. Place them on a baking tray, add the cubes of butter and roast in the oven for 10 minutes at 220 degrees to give them a nice colour. Once cooked, drizzle with white truffle oil and add shavings of the white truffle (if using) to garnish.
Many thanks to Celebrity Cruises for inviting me along to this truffle adventure!
